Elements & Game Mechanics
From Groovelet: Portable Mythology
Okay, not just 12 elements, here - but 24! That's right - between every two spokes we can fit a little extra element.
The inner elements can be, of course, cleanly removed if 12 is enough elements.

Quick Summary
| archetype | element | themes & gameplay elements |
|---|---|---|
| oth | earth | slow, steady, strong, blocking |
| beast | raw, sacrifice, numerous | |
| cystam | electric | speed, risk, chaining |
| sound | helping, quick buffs, area of effect | |
| kiro | light | strong start, weak finish, help a little |
| love | pairs, long-lasting buffs | |
| stacks | mind | planning, searching, indexing |
| chaos | a lack of intentional strategy | |
| mersenne | fire | high-risk high-reward, random |
| machine | a better copy with obvious downsides | |
| world | metal | powerful, durable, forged |
| rage | aggression, add and remove things from battle | |
| path | air | low damage, dodge, flight, shuffle |
| smoke | choking, obscuring, disabling, area of effect | |
| curopal | poison | insta-kill, repetitive damage, patience |
| plague | contact growth, incubate, spreading, viral | |
| blit | void | nothing, removal, cancel, game-ending |
| galaxy | huge, create, pull & push | |
| audient | spirit | laws, complexity, exponential scaling |
| mirror | clones, duplicates, reversal | |
| misk | water | reconfigurable, ok at everything, healing |
| psychic | weird, occult, control, puppet | |
| zariel | time | loops, repetition, rewind, remove |
| plant | natural, slow, healing |
Outer & Inner Elementals
The outer elements (example: air, void, metal) are a little more direct, simple and fundamental, whereas the inner elements (example: sound, mirror, psychic) tend towards being a little more complicated, specialized, and abstract.
One way to add a little bit of verve to each archetype in the pantheon would be to give them elemental associations to the outer element on their spoke, as well as both of the nearby inner elemental associations.
Oth would be Earth, Plant & Beast.
Cystam would be Electric, Beast & Sound.
Kiro would be Light, Sound & Love.
Stacks would be Mind, Love & Chaos.
Mersenne would be Fire, Chaos & Machine.
World would be Metal, Machine & Rage.
Path would be Air, Rage & Smoke.
Curopal would be Poison, Smoke & Plague.
Blit would be Void, Plague & Galaxy.
Audient would be Spirit, Galaxy & Mirror.
Misk would be Water, Mirror & Psychic.
Zariel would be Time, Psychic & Plant.
Oppositions
Earth and Air
Electric and Poison
Light and Void
Mind and Spirit
Fire and Water
Time and Metal
Enumerating the specific qualities that define these oppositions will remain an exercise for the reader.
The oppositions on the inner elements are more defined by their relationships between outer elements than by their oppositions with one another.
Plant and Rage
Beast and Smoke
Sound and Plague
Love and Galaxy
Chaos and Mirror
Machine and Psychic
Each of these pairs feel not like parallel concepts: but orthogonal ones. No matter how hard you rage at a plant, or love at the galaxy, or shout at a virus - nothing will happen.
Combinations
It's also possible to concoct groupings for other thematic purposes:
Storm could be Electric, Air, and Water
Healer could be Water, Plant & Love.
Magician could be Smoke & Mirror.
Demagogue could be Electric, Sound & Psychic.
Foxglove could be Plant & Poison.
These are fun to concoct and there are too many possibilities to enumerate.
Magic Systems & Cost
One thing to consider when designing magic systems for narrative purposes is that one way to make magic more interesting is to give it some kind of a cost.
I think the first author I saw pitching this idea was Orson Scott Card, but I've seen Brandon Sanderson bring it up it as well.1
From a horrifyingly practical standpoint, 'unlimited magic' characters are a source of infinite energy and should simply turn a crank as fast as possible, all the time.
Let's Look At Each Element More Closely
Earth
Earth: rock and dirt, mountain and ground.
Earth effects generally:
Take a long time to develop.
Are hard to get rid of.
Are defensive in nature.
Block or reduce damage.
Are themed around "rock", "mountain", "stone".
Beast
Between Earth and Electric, beast represents the animal and insect kingdom.
Beast effects generally:
Come in a great number.
Multiply.
Sacrifice weaker creatures to build up stronger creatures.
Are themed around "blood", "claws", "teeth".
Electric
Lightning! Thunder! A whole mess of electrons moving from place to place!
Electric effects generally:
Take a while to build up, then happen instantly.
Chain, jumping from target to target to target.
Follow predictable rules to arrive at unpredictable outcomes.
Are themed around "lightning".
Sound
Big sound! Much noise!
Sound effects generally:
Have a wide area-of-effect.
Can bolster the courage of friends.
Can confuse or distract enemies.
Provide buffs and debuffs2.
Are themed around "thunder", "music".
Light
Sunlight! Hope, optimism!
Light effects generally:
Start very strong, but lose steam quickly.
Provide very small or inconsequential buffs.
Provide a lot of utility in dark environments.
Are themed around "the sun", "day".
Love
LURVE. Passion. Charm.
Love effects generally:
Link things together as pairs.
Provide long-lasting, resilient buffs.
Slowly turn enemies into long-lasting friends.
Are themed around "hearts", "kisses", "kindness", "friendship", "courage".
Mind
Think carefully, know things, be insightful. Plan.
Mind effects generally:
Allow for searching or indexing through abilities3.
Provide insight on or identify enemy weaknesses.
Prepare effects that take some time to trigger.
Prepare traps that may be triggered.
Are themed around "planning", "libraries", "traps", "plots".
Chaos
Randomness! Nobody can predict these effects! Well, that's not entirely true: the tools of probability theory can rein in the possibility space somewhat. Dice are random, but they're not unknowable.
Randomly determined outcomes.
Effects that may or may not trigger.
Effects that can't obey any particular strategy, like playing high-stakes poker with your cards face down on the table.
Themed around "casino", "dice", "chaos".
Fire
Flames! Hot! It burn! Burn be good!4
Fire effects generally:
Are unpredictable and destructive.
Spread easily and maliciously.
Are high-risk but high-reward.
Are not fussy about who they hurt.
Provide a lot of utility in dark environments.
Are... fire themed.
Machine
Clever engineering, combustion, horsepower, human ingenuity.
Machine effects generally:
Mimic effects that other elements have access to:
faster, stronger, or more repeatable,
at much higher cost or with much less resilience.
Have repetitive, ongoing costs.
Are themed around "contraptions", "rube goldberg machines", "engines".
Metal
Steel, silver, bronze, gold, metal is here to save the day!
Metal effects generally:
Provide uncomplicated defensive and offensive options.
Can be made stronger up-front with more time, expense, or rare materials.
Rust and degrade over time.
Are themed around "swords", "shields", "armor", "steel", "currency".
Rage
Big negative emotions! Hate! Fear! Rage! Rraaaaaah!
Rage effects generally:
Provide long-lasting debuffs.
Trigger aggression and attacks.
Can cause parties to enter or leave battle.
Are themed around "fear", "hatred", "division", "nationalism".
Air
Light, free, hard to see. We need it to live.
Air effects generally:
Provide dodge: prevent attacks from hitting without blocking them.
Less damage than Fire or Water, but can still be used offensively.
Flight! Get up, get on up!
Shuffle, move, or redistribute things.
Create breathable bubbles in unbreathable locations like "underwater" or "in space".
Are themed around "motion", "storms", "wind", "twisters"
Smoke
Air gone terribly wrong, thick with particulate and toxic to life.
Smoke effects generally:
Obscure or hide things.
Temporarily disrupt the battlefield.
Temporarily disable strong opponents.
Quickly kill or disable weak opponents.
Enjoy an enormous area of effect.
Are super-effective in confined spaces.
Are themed around "smoke", "toxins", "pollution", "choking", "asphyxiation".
Poison
Immediately, drastically, deadly effects. Sudden sabotage.
Poison effects generally:
Take time to set up, then do very high, very targeted damage.
Do low but repetitive damage over a long period of time.
Are themed around "poison", "betrayal", "daggers", "assassins", "arsenic".
Note:
With Curopal positioned right at the nexus of Poison, Smoke, and Plague, that also gives them a real compelling pitch for "medicine" or medical-related effects, the "good" side of poison and plague.
Plague
A coughing, hacking, microorganism-based assault on the living.
Plague effects generally:
Spread, but only in close quarters.
Are difficult to contain.
Damage things for a long time without killing them.
Turn things into plague-spreaders.
Incubate.
Bypass traditional defenses.
Are themed around "virus", "pestilence", "disease", "pustules", "goop", "decay", "rot".
Void
Hollow, dark, nihilistic, empty.
Void effects generally:
Cause things not to exist, remove things.
Provide debuffs.
Cancel effects: a thing that would have happened, instead, doesn't.
Set up effects that threaten to end the game if left unchecked.
Are themed around "shadow", "void", "absence", "nothingness", "sadness", "emptiness".
Galaxy
The universe and everything. Distant, unfathomable, and yet the only true force of creation.
Galaxy effects generally:
Are huge. HUGE. Effects that are orders of magnitude bigger than any other.
Create. Galaxy can create something from nothing in a way that no other element can.
Pull and push things around.
Are themed around "space", "creativity", "genesis", "art", "gravity", "stars", "moons".
Spirit
Some things may not exist, but we cause them to (sort of) exist through the sheer force of believing in them, ideas like "honor" or "Canada".
Spirit effects generally:
Create and enforce laws, like "no Void effects can be played on even turns".
Make big, fundamental changes to the rules of the game.
Come with difficult to grasp mechanics that pay off with careful study.
Have endurance: Spirit effects are hard to shake.
Are very weak initially, but scale exponentially in the late game.
Are themed around "belief", "conceptual shifts", "faith", "truths".
Mirror
Reflect. Copy. Clone. Duplicate.
Mirror effects generally:
Create exact duplicates of other things.
Reverse, invert, and create large shifts in position.
Provide counterattacks!5
Are themed around "mirrors".
Water
Water your thoughts on this?
Water effects generally:
Are flexible, adaptable, can provide a bit of everything - offense, defense, utility.
Are "Judo" inspired - redirecting an opponents' energy to flip them on their backs.
Heal! Water and Plant are the only elements that can easily provide healing.
Are rapidly reconfigurable.
Are themed around "water", "ice", "healing", "pure", "fluid".
Psychic
Think oppressively. Reach into opponents' minds. Predict the future.
Psychic effects generally:
Look ahead in time.
Force opponents to reveal things, or make specific moves.
Quickly turn enemies into unwilling puppets.6
Can create enemy weaknesses.
Are themed around "occult", "mental dominance", "oppressive thought"
Time
Cycles, inevitability.
Time effects generally:
Look ahead or backwards in time.
Prevent things from having ever happened, retroactively.
Rewind damage (like "healing" but it has to happen right away).
Replay events that went badly.
Make a prediction, then get a large reward if that prediction comes to pass.
Repetition. Try (or do) something again, and again, and again, and again.
Themed around "clocks", "cycles", "loops".
Plant
Vegetation & nature. Slow-moving.
Plant effects generally:
Grow, taking things and making them stronger gradually.
Heal. Water and Plant are the only elements that can easily provide healing.
Entangle & thorn, preventing movement and dealing minor damage.
Reward patience.
Provide bountiful harvests (a lot of little buffs and heals that can be passed out).
Are themed around "trees", "harvest", "green spaces", "gardening", "fruit & vegetables"